Department of biology, umaru musa yaradua university, katsina, nigeria. Average minimum life cycle 38 days at 30c and 70% relative humidity rh. Abstract contact and fumigant toxicities and antifeedant activity of the essential oil of cardamom, elletaria cardamomum, to two storedproduct insects, sitophilus zeamais and tribolium castaneum, were investigated. Insecticidal activity of melaleuca alternifolia essential oil. Sitophilus zeamais, and sitophilus granarius, distributed worldwide. Curculionidae, is a primary field to store pest adedire 2001 that starts to infest the ripening maize crop in the field when the grain moisture content is still 5055%. It can be found in numerous tropical areas around the world, and in the united states, and is a major pest of maize. Background the cereal weevil, sitophilus zeamais is one of the most destructive pests of stored cereals worldwide. The maize weevil is slightly larger than the rice weevil and has more distinct colored spots on the forewings. Characterization of the expression and functions of two. Proceedings of the 6th annual workshop on grain postharvest technology maintaining good grain quality, puncak pass, bogor, indonesia, 36 may 1983, 147156.
In laboratory tests to determine the toxicity of deltamethrin, fluvalinate, chlorpyrifosmethyl, etrimfos and malathion against sitophilus zeamais and s. Management of maize weevil sitophilus zeamais using. Knowing the developmental states of stored grain insects, especially for the immature stages hidden in cereal kernel, such as sitophilus zeamais, could be in favor of monitoring early and controlling effectively. The responses of prostephanus truncatus coleoptera. Sitophilus zeamais motschulsky coleoptera, curculionidae is one of the major pests of stored products. Frequent use of fumigants for managing storedproduct insects has led to the development of resistance in insects. Pheromones and semiochemicals of sitophilus zeamais. Curculionidae on sorghum using some plant powders m.
The maize weevil sitophilus zeamais, known in the united states as the greater rice weevil, is a species of beetle in the family curculionidae. Curculionidae, authorfikremariam abebe and tadele tefera and stephen mugo and yoseph. The maize weevil sitophilus zeamais motschulsky, 1855 coleoptera. The constituents were determined by gas chromatographymass spectrometry, and the repellency and contact toxicity of the extracts against sitophilus zeamais motschulsky coleoptera. Timedomain nmr applied to sitophilus zeamais motschulsky. One possibility to protect the maize from storage pests is by developing genotypes that resistant to maize weevil sitophilus zeamais motsch. The larvae of the two species are not easy to separate. It was reported that adults attack fruits to feeding, but there was no information of oviposition and larval development on these hosts. This information is useful to personnel involved on agricultural research and development for developing location specific integrated pest management approach of this pest. The maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais, is the most important pest affecting stored grain in brazil and its control relies heavily on the use of insecticides. Adult rice weevils are able to fly, and can live for up to two years.
Curculionidae in stored sorghum grains mohammed suleiman1,4, costancia p. Curculionidae, is one of the most destructive pests of stored cereals. Serangga hama gudang sitophilus zeamais motsch kelas a is. Factsheet sitophilus zeamais motschulsky, 1855 maize weevil. Parad tablet was found moderately effective in preventing the adult emergence in in sitophilus zeamais.
Entomology, 2department of plant pathology, university of agricultural sciences, gkvk, bangalore 560 065 karnataka, india. First described by linnaeus in 1798 as curculio oryza. Chemical composition and biological activity of star anise. Odorantbinding proteins obps are important in insect chemical communication. The adult female weevil bores a hole in a grain, nut, or seed, and deposits an egg, usually one egg per individual grain. Competition of three species of sitophilus on rice and maize. Curculionidae is a worldwide pest on stored products, as maize, wheat and rice grains. Nmr parameters t21, t22, p21, p22, and a2122 were achieved by biexponential analysis combined with a discrete method. Molecular markers for weevil sitophilus zeamais population genetics huansheng cao department of biological sciences, fordham university, bronx, new york 10458 summary sitophilus weevils are cosmopolitan pests of stored grain that harbor bacterial endosymbionts. The larva develops while feeding on the interior of the grain, and then pupates. Jamilton pereira santos 1, paulo evaristo oliveira guimaraes, jose magid. Maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais motschulsky, is one of the most destructive pests of stored. Twentythree sitophilus strains, 10 individuals of each, belonging to three species s. Curculionidae, which occur on cereals as storage grain pests.
Use of botanicals to suppress the development of maize. The animals were divided into two treatment groups insectinfested diet and an untreated diet as the control. We showed that wpgrp is induced after a bacterial challenge and that wpgrp gene. Free fulltext pdf articles from hundreds of disciplines, all in one place pleiotropic impact of endosymbiont load and cooccurrence in the maize weevil sitophilus zeamais pdf paperity toggle navigation. Survey of insecticide resistance in mexican populations of. Distribution worldwide, but primarily temperate zone, northern distribution. The following is a summary of the major insects that can be found in stored grains and legumes and a description of the biology, behavior, and ecology of each. Pdf the impact of grain quantity on the biology of. Insects free fulltext andean flora as a source of new. Curculionidae on cereal crops jamesadebayoojo 1 andadebayoamosomoloye 2 department of crop production, kwara state university, malete, kwara state, nigeria department of crop protection and environmental biology, university of ibadan, ibadan, nigeria. National institutes of health the european molecular biology laboratory state secretariat for education, research and innovation seri. Pyrethroid resistance in sitophilus zeamais is associated. Therefore an examination of weevil population genetics and phylogeny would.
The sizes of sitophilus zeamais in different life stage sciencedirect. Biology of the grain pest species of the genus sitophilus. Evaluation of some botanicals oils for the management of. Stored grain insect pests granary weevil sitophilus granarius l.
Serangga tersebut terutama pada stadium larva aktif memakan bijibijian dan menimbulkan kerugian yang besar. Maize weevil sitophilus zeamais motschulsky lopezverge et al. International journal of chemtech research coden usa. The phylogenetic analyses revealed that among the four species of the genus sitophilus, s. Pdf biology, morphology and molecular characterization.
Pdf biology of rice weevil, sitophilus oryzae linnaeus. The female uses strong mandibles to chew a hole into a grain kernel after which she deposits a single egg within the hole, sealing it with secretions from her ovipositor. Laboratory tests were carried out in order to examine competition among three congeneric species on rice and maize. Bioactivities of essential oil from elletaria cardamomum. Biology of rice weevil, sitophilus oryzae linnaeus on stored sorghum article pdf available january 2015 with 1,373 reads how we measure reads. Curculionidae to pheromone and synthetic maize volatiles as. Factsheet sitophilus zeamais motschulsky, 1855 maize. The taxonomy of the sitophilus group has been confused until recently, so that the value of much of the earlier literature on these insects has been reduced, because of the difficulty of knowing the species to which it refers.
Unusual behavior of oviposition and development of. Maize grains 200 g were put in 2 kg capacity kilner jar to which 10 pairs of s. The objective of this research was to identify the functions of two obps in sitophilus zeamais. Topical application was employed for contact toxicity studies, and filter paper impregnation was used for testing fumigant action. Research article development and life history of sitophilus. Development and life history of sitophilus zeamais.
Sitophilus zeamais motschulsky is one of the most destructive and causes extensive damage to maize and other. Knowledge of the life history and biology is important to the development of an integrated pest management program. African journal of agricultural research entomocidal. Pdf development and life history of sitophilus zeamais. Pdf resistance of maize varieties to the maize weevil. Susceptibility of paddy and milled rice to attack by sitophilus oryzae linnaeus and sitophilus zeamais motschulsky. Pyrethroid resistance in this species was initially observed in five brazilian states by 1995, but. Biology, morphology and molecular characterization of. Enhanced activity of carbohydrate and lipidmetabolizing enzymes in insecticideresistant populations of the maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais volume 98 issue 4 r. Atlas and scale parameters on different developmental stages of s. It usually leaves the grain completely hollow when it. In particular, the oes extracted from lamiaceae are considered among the most bioactive in terms of repellent andor insecticidal effect. Sitophilus oryzae linnaeus coleoptera curculionidae and s. Females lay 26 eggs per day and up to 300 over their lifetime.
Ibrahim3 1 department of zoology and wildlife conservation, university of dar es salaam, tanzania 2department of crop sciences and beekeeping technology, university of dar es salaam, tanzania. Fortyfour compounds, whose concentrations were more than 0. Entomocidal activity of ethanolic leaf extracts of four plant species namely euphorbia balsamifera aiton, lawsonia inermis l. Impact of age on the biological activities of sitophilus. Unusual behavior of oviposition and development of sitophilus. Bioactivities of essential oil from elletaria cardamomum l. Timedomain nuclear magnetic resonance nmr is used for the characterization of wheat infested with sitophilus zeamais. Cost and mitigation of insecticide resistance in the maize. Interspecific competition and grainhosts selection of. Recently, an integrative approach involving biology, morphology. The intensive use of compounds such as the pyrethroids has led to the emergence of resistance, and previous studies have suggested that resistance to both pyrethroids and 1,1,1.
Pleiotropic impact of endosymbiont load and cooccurrence in. Sitophilus is a genus of weevils in the tribe litosomini. The maize weevil sitophilus zeamais can be separated from the granary weevil s. Sitophilus zeamais motschulsky is considered as one of the most destructive foodstuff pests. Cell physiology in the weevil sitophilus oryzae is coordinated by three integrated genomes.
Insects free fulltext characterization of the expression. Investigation was carried out on developmental biology ofs. It infests rice, wheat, corn, lotus seed, rhizoma gastrodiae, and chinese herbs, causing heavy losses of both quantity and quality of stored products worldwide. Due to their efficiency, low toxicity for mammalians and low environmental impact, plantderived essential oils eos are promising tools for pest control. Development and life history of sitophilus zeamais coleoptera. For this purpose, a total of 30 adults were placed in vials that contained 50 g or either rice or maize. Kiritani and others published studies on the biology of sitophilus species find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Fluorescence competitive binding assays were used to measure the ability of the obps. Specific behavior of sitophilus zeamais in the stocks of rice. The impact of grain quantity on the biology of sitophilus zeamais motschulsky coleoptera. Apr 18, 2011 the maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais, is the most important pest affecting stored grain in brazil and its control relies heavily on the use of insecticides. Laboratory interspecific competition and grainhosts selection experiments involving maize weevil mw, sitophilus zeamais motsch.
Some species are familiar as pests of stored food products. The botanicals were applied to 20 g of sorghum grains at the rate of 25, 50 and 100 mgml1, while no. There is empirical evidence of such associations, but their physiological basis and mitigation is little investigated. Specific behavior of sitophilus zeamais in the stocks of rice and maize in rural farmers at bouafle region, cote divoire johnson felicia, oualingoran sanwhouly mauricette, tano yao, fouabi kouahou laboratory of zoology and animal biology, felix houphouetboigny university, abidjan, bp 582 abidjan 22, cote divoire. Sope andwolbachia distribution insitophilus populations. Antifeedant and growth inhibitory effects of pinene on the storedproduct insects, tribolium castaneum herbst and sitophilus zeamais motsch.
The habits and life cycle are similar to the rice weevil figure 3. The research was aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of several maize genotypes including local variety to the maize weevil. Jun 11, 2012 the maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais motschulsky coleoptera. Enhanced activity of carbohydrate and lipidmetabolizing. The sizes of sitophilus zeamais in different life stage. The maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais motschulsky coleoptera. Investigation was carried out on developmental biology of s. The present work was undertaken in three successive years in three different regions of nigeria to study the impact of age on the postharvest biological performance of maize weevil sitophilus zeamais motschulsky coleoptera. Pdf studies on the biology of sitophilus species researchgate. We assigned this gramnegative prokaryote to the wolbachia group aproteobacteria, on the basis of 16s rdna sequence and fluorescence in. Susceptibility of maize genotypes to maize weevil sitophilus. Evaluation of some botanicals oils for the management of maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais motsch. Rearing the maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais, on an.
However, in south brazil, these weevils have been found attacking fruits in field conditions. Use of botanicals to suppress the development of maize weevil. The taxonomic status and lifehistory of the species are described, together with. Essential oils from aromatic plants including the tea oil plant, melaleuca alternifolia may provide environmentally friendly alternatives to currently used pest. Department of crop science, usmanu danfodiyo university, sokoto, nigeria. However, in this treatment sex ratio was observed to be a favourable one 1.